Theodore pasohke



UNIT D STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THEODORE PASUHKE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

VENTI L ATl NG-WlN DOW FOR RAI LWAY-CARRIAGES.

I I 4 V SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 242,148, datedMay 31, 1881. I Application filed October 11, 1880. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Y Be it known-that L'THEODORE PAscHKE, a

citizen of the United States, residing at new York, in the-county of NewYork and State of New York, haveinvented some new and usefulImprovements in Ventilating-Windows for Railway Carriages and otherPurposes, of whichthe following is a specification.

My invention relates to certain improvements inventilating-windows, inwhich aninner sash is fitt'ed and hinged at one side thereof in a secondor outer sash in such a manner as to be free to swing open at the otherside, and this second or outer sash is again fitted in a frame andhinged in a like manner, but at the side opposite to the hinged side ofthe first or inner sash, so as to permit the window to swing openoutwardly from either side alternately, and this frame containing thetwo sashes is fitted in the main framework of the window in such amanner as toube free to slide vertically; and the objects of myimprovements are,

, first, to afford facilities for swinging a window open outwardly fromeither side alternately, as may be desired second, to afford facilitiesin the window of a railway-carriage for swinging the window openoutwardly from the rear, no matter in which direction the carriage maybe moving, thereby allowing afree circulation of air, and at the sametime shutting outall sudden draftsof cold air, all dust, smoke, cinders,and. gases; third, to efiect these objects without interfering with thesliding of the closed window vertically, as in any common window now inuse; fourth, to afford facilities for governing the distance to whichthe window may be swung open outwardly, and for holding it in place whenopen; fifth, to pro vide self-adjusting guards on the outside of thewindow, to prevent the ingress of dust, smoke,

or cinders when the window is swung open' during the movement of thecarriage. I attain these objects in the manner shown in the accompanyingdrawings,.formingpart of the specification, in which- Figure l is afront view of the windowfrom the outside when closed; Fig. 2, averticalsectional view of the same; Fig. 3, a horizontal sectional view, showingthe window swung open outwardly from one side; Fig. 4, a horizontalsectional view, showing the window swung open outwardly from the sideopposite to the one shown in Fig. 3; Fig. 5, a plan View of theself-adjustin g dust-guard and spring on the outside and upper part ofthe window; Fig. 6, an enlarged front view, showing the manner ofhinging the sashes; and Fig. 7, a horizontal section of the same.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The sill B and the uprights A A, with the grooves a (it, constitute themain frame-work of the window, and are intended to represent theframe-work of a window such as is commonly used at the present time,that shown in the drawings forming no part of my invention.

Frame U G O O is fitted to slide in the grooves a a-of the uprightsA A.In the inside of this sliding frame the outer sash, D D D D, is fitted,and hinged at one side by means of the two circular pins, (1 d, Fig. 1,which turn in corresponding depressions in the sliding frame O0 0 O. Themanner of fitting the hinged side of the outer sash, D D D D, in thesliding frame 0 O G O, I prefer to carry out as shown in Figs. 6 and 7and consists in rounding the outer edge of that side of the sash whichis to be hinged to the dimensions of a circular arc whose radiuscorresponds to half the thickness of the sash. This rounded edge isfitted closely into a corresponding groove in the inside of the slidingframe 0 by placing the centers of the circular pins 01 d in the samevertical plane as the center of the rounded edge of the sash. Theobjects of this manner of hinging the sash are, first, to give thesashwork of the window a flush surface on both sides when the same isclosed,in order to leave it free to slide vertically in aclosely-fitting frame; second, to provide a weather and dust tightjointwhen the window is swung open. The side of the sash which isopposite to the hinged side of the same is provided with a fiushspring-latch, 1, Fig. 3, which is let into the sideot' the sash so as tobe flush on the outside with the same, for the purpose of looking itwhen it is desired to have the window closed.

The inner sash, E E E E, which holds the pane of glass g, is fitted inthe outer sash, D D D D, and hinged at the side opposite to the hingedside of the outer sash, D D D D, and

the fitting and hinging of the inner sash, E E E E, for the samereasons, are done in a similar manner to the fitting and hinging of theouter sash, D D D D, in the sliding frame C U (7 (3, which is shown inFigs. 6 and T.

The projecting weather-molding F, Figs. 1 and 2, can he made of wood orany other suitable material, and is to be secured on the outside and atthe upper part of the window to the uprights A A in such a manner as notto offer any obstacles in the way of sliding the window vertically.

The dustguard II, of which a front view is shown in Fig. 1, a sectionalview in Fig. 2, and a plan view in Fig. 5, can be made of sheet metal orany other suitable material, and is to be fastened to the under side ofthe weathermolding F in such a manner by thepin or rivet 2), Fig. 2, asto let it turn freely, as on a pivot. This pivot 12 is to be fastened onthe under side of the weatheranoldiugFon a line corresponding to themiddle of the window, and at such a distance therefrom that when eitherof the sashes, in being swung open, comes in contact with the dust-guardII it will be turned on the pivot 1) until the sash, afterit has beenswung open to its full limit, shall have turned the dust-guard II to thesame angle as the opened window stands at, touching it in its entirelength, and thereby, in conjunction with the aforementionedweather-molding F, prevent the rain or dust and cinders from beingbeaten in from above through the aperture made by the open window.

The spring J J, Fig. 5, consists of a strip of metal or any othersuitable material, and is secured to the under side of theweather-molding F, in front of the dust-guard II, preferably as shown inthe drawings, and presses against the dust-guard II from the outside attwo points equidistant from the pivot 1), thereby proventing thedust-guard II from clatteriug, and also holding the same parallel to andclear of contact with the window, thus preventing the window-sashes frombeing defaced when raising or lowerin The guard-sill G can be made ofwood or any other suitable material, and is to be secured on the outsideto the uprights A A, and in such a position opposite the lower partofthe window as to be below the swingingplane of the outer sash, D D DD, and as shown in Figs.l and 2. The manner of fastening this guard-sillalso is to be such as to leave an open space, 0, Fig. 2, in front of thewindow, for the free escape of water which may be beaten against thewindow during rains, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 2.

On the guard-sill G are fastened the metal springs S S, of which a planview is shown in Figs. 3 and I and a sectional view is shown in Fig. 2,-and the office of these springs is, first, to govern the distance towhich the window may be swung open; second, to hold the window securelyin place while swung open. For this reason the spring S is raised, as

shown in Figs. 1 and 2, to bring it in the swinging plane of the lowerside ofinner sash, E E E E.

The dust or weather strip I, of which a sectional view is shown in Fig.2, consists of a strip of rubber or any other suitable material, and isto be fastened on the outside and to the lower side of the inner sash,EE E E, in such a manner that its upper edge is let into the sash theexact thickness of the strip, the object of which is to offer a flushsurface to water running down the window, so that no water shall beretained between the strip and the sash. The lower edge of this dust orweather strip I is to reach down to the top of the guard sill G, for thepurpose of forming, in conjunction with the guard-sill G, adefiectorofdrafts of cold air, cinders, dust, and the like.

I will now give a brief description of the manner of manipulating thewindow for purposes of ventilation when fitted in the sides of arailway-carriage.

Let the arrow-head in the horizontal sectional view which is shown inFig. 3 indicate the direction in which the carriage is moving, and letthe window be closed. Unlock the outer sash, I) I) D 1), toward the rearend of the carriage by means of the spring-latch l and swing the windowopen outwardly until it has caught upon the extreme end of the spring S,as shown. Now, the window, as it stands open outwardly to the rear, willform, with the self-adjusted dust-guard, dust-strip, and all itsfittings, as described above and shown in thedrawings, a completedeflector of all passing dust, cinders, smoke, drafts of cold air, andthe like, at the same time allowing a free circulation of air throughthe opening made in the manner described. In Fig. 4, let the movement ofthe carriage be in the opposite direction, as indicated by thearrow-head; then open the inner sash, E E E E, toward the rear end ofthe carriage bymeans of the springlatch I and swing the window openoutwardly until it again has caught upon the extreme end of the springS, as shown, and the window will perform precisely, the same office asdescribed in the first instance. If it is desired to have the windowraised vertically, close the sash, and the window is in condition to beraised in the same manner as the ordinary window in present use.

I am aware that prior to my invention windows have been made of whichthe sash was hinged at one side, so that it could be swung open at theother side. I therefore do not claim such a device, broadly; but

What I do claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. In the window of a railway-carriage, the combination of theinnersash, E E E E, hinged at one side in the outer sash, D D D D, saidouter sash being hinged at the side opposite to the hinged side of theinner sash, E E E E, in the sliding frame 0 O G O, in which the windowmay be swung open outwardly from either side alternately, with theprojecting weather-molding F, holding the self-adjusting dustguard H,and spring J J, all substantially as cllescribed and shown,for thepurposes specifiei 2. In the window of a railway-carriage, thecombination of theinner sash, E E E E, hinged, at one side in the outersash, D D D D, said outer sash being hinged at the side opposite to thehinged side of the inner sash, E E E E, in the sliding frame 0 O G G, inwhich the window may be swung open outwardly from either sidealternately, with the guard-sill G, leaving the opening 0 between it andthe windew, and having the springs S S secured to it, all substantiallyas described and shown, for the purposes specified.

3. In a window in which the inner sash, E E E E, is hinged and fitted inthe outer sash,

20 D D D D, said outer sash being hinged and fitted in the sliding frame0 G O O, the dustinto the correspondingly grooved inner edge of 0 thatside of the surrounding frame to which the sash is hinged or otherwisehung, with the circular pins 61 (I, placed so as to have their centersin the same "ertical plane as the center of the rounded edge of thesash, all substantially as described and shown, for the purposesspecified.

THEODORE PASOHKE.

Witnesses J. B. WHITE, JACOB DU Bors.

